# Chinese teams build gradient hydrogel EEG electrodes: over 94% accuracy in gaze-based data entry

- Published: 2026-11-09 02:38 UTC
- Section: Life & Health › Neurotechnology
- Tags: gradient hydrogel electrodes, non-invasive brain-computer interface, EEG cap, gaze-based data entry, NPJ Flexible Electronics, long-term EEG recording, gel electrodes comparison, epilepsy monitoring
- URL: https://realtech.media/news/rt-8fc8a5ecdd5e016dd5af54b6_chinese_teams_build/

**Electrodes with graded stiffness, integrated into a commercial EEG cap, recorded stable signals for 8 hours of daily activity; gaze-based entry accuracy exceeded 94%.**

![Chinese teams build gradient hydrogel EEG electrodes: over 94% accuracy in gaze-based data entry](https://realtech.media/media/2026/11/ab2f9efb153409aa.webp)
*ua.news*

Researchers from Guangxi University, Guangxi Medical University and Tsinghua University have developed gradient hydrogel electrodes for non-invasive brain-computer interfaces, scmp.com reports. In a visual data-entry test, participants achieved an accuracy of more than 94%. [1] The work was described in the peer-reviewed journal NPJ Flexible Electronics. [1]

## Electrode design

The electrode's stiffness changes gradually: it is soft where it contacts the scalp and firmer near the connection to the electronic circuit. [1] According to the authors, this is meant to overcome the trade-offs of conventional uniformly soft or rigid electrodes, including displacement during movement and motion-induced signal fluctuations. [1] The gradient electrodes were integrated into a commercial electroencephalogram (EEG) cap. [1] Before human trials, they were tested on mice, and no adverse reactions were recorded. [1]

## Test results

In one trial, the electrodes provided stable EEG recording for eight hours while the participant walked, ate, read and slept. [1] Separately, the team ran a 14-hour test at rest, during which the participant performed signal-stability and movement tasks every hour. [1]

In the stability test, participants entered a sequence of numbers from one to nine and a date by looking at a flickering virtual keyboard. Accuracy exceeded 94%. [1] In the movement task, they focused on target virtual cells over which colored lines moved; accuracy in this test exceeded 90%. [1]

The researchers also compared the electrodes with commercial gel electrodes. According to their data, the gel electrodes' performance deteriorated significantly over time because the gel dried out, and individual channels became almost unusable after four to five hours. [1]

The authors believe such electrodes could expand the possibilities for long-term recording of high-quality EEG signals in non-invasive brain-computer systems. Among potential applications they named daily medical monitoring, sleep monitoring and warnings about conditions such as epilepsy. [1]

## Sources

1. [scmp.com](https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3373477/chinas-comfortable-brain-reading-device-achieves-94-mind-typing-accuracy-day-long-use)
2. [ua.news](https://ua.news/en/dovkolo-svitu/u-kitayi-stvorili-elektrodi-dlia-vvedennia-danikh-pogliadom-iz-tochnistiu-ponad-94-south-china-morning-post)

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Source: RealTech, realtech.media — https://realtech.media/news/rt-8fc8a5ecdd5e016dd5af54b6_chinese_teams_build/