# Inclusions in 19 Siberian eclogitic diamonds point to oxygen-poorer Archaean mantle source of oceanic crust

- Published: 2026-11-05 23:06 UTC
- Section: Planet › Earth sciences
- Tags: eclogitic diamonds, Siberian craton, oxygen fugacity, Archaean mantle, garnet inclusions, clinopyroxene inclusions, subducted oceanic crust, mantle redox state
- URL: https://realtech.media/news/rt-3ec30242b35909aa9d4d0fb7_inclusions_in_19/

**Garnet and clinopyroxene inclusions, shielded from later alteration inside diamonds, record the redox state of the Archaean mantle source of oceanic crust.**

![Inclusions in 19 Siberian eclogitic diamonds point to oxygen-poorer Archaean mantle source of oceanic crust](https://sgzwpqqelzmajkcubgkl.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/rt-media/2026/11/bd01046f3396504d.jpg)
*James St. John, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0*

A team studied garnet and clinopyroxene inclusions in 19 eclogitic diamonds from the Siberian craton, according to a paper in Science Advances [1]. Both touching and nontouching inclusion pairs were examined. Because the inclusions sit inside diamond, they are shielded from overprint after entrapment [1].

Kimberlite-borne eclogite xenoliths derive from ancient subducted oceanic crust, but billions of years of metasomatism in the subcontinental mantle limit accurate reconstructions of their origin. Inclusion compositions indicate average sampling depths of 180 to 280 km and temperatures of 1030° to 1540°C (±60°C) [1]. For most samples, redox conditions were oxidized enough for the diamonds to have formed from water(carbonate)-rich fluids [1].

The reconstructed bulk composition points to basaltic oceanic crust formed from an Archaean convecting mantle region that was more oxygen-depleted than today, the authors report. They describe this as evidence of redox heterogeneities in the source rocks of ancient oceanic crust [1].

## Sources

1. [Science Advances](https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aeb0364)

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Source: RealTech, realtech.media — https://realtech.media/news/rt-3ec30242b35909aa9d4d0fb7_inclusions_in_19/